Visual+Basic+For+Applications+%28VBA%29%3A+2.jpg' alt='Visual Basic Rule Of 72 Programmer' title='Visual Basic Rule Of 72 Programmer' />72 Responses to Programmers Nightmare Cubital Tunnel Syndrome Programmers Nightmare Cubital Tunnel Syndrome by depression. Says. If youre flying anywhere for the Labor Day holiday, nows the time to book. Prices are only going to go up. Basic Networking Tutorial. Top 3 Products Services. The Federal Rules of Evidence and the Advisory Committee Notes are available on this page. Each rule contains the text as adopted by Congress in 1975, unless the. Dated Aug. 1. 2, 2. Related Categories. Networking In General. What is a computer Network A network is any collection of independent computers that communicate with one another over a shared network medium. A computer network is a collection of two or more connected computers. When these computers are joined in a network, people can share files and peripherals such as modems, printers, tape backup drives, or CD ROM drives. When networks at multiple locations are connected using services available from phone companies, people can send e mail, share links to the global Internet, or conduct video conferences in real time with other remote users. When a network becomes open sourced it can be managed properly with online collaboration software. As companies rely on applications like electronic mail and database management for core business operations, computer networking becomes increasingly more important. However, in this day and age simply having internet is not enough, you need to be able to get high speeds that all companies from Verizon to Megapath should be able to provide. Every network includes At least two computers Server or Client workstation. Networking Interface Cards NICA connection medium, usually a wire or cable, although wireless communication between networked computers and peripherals is also possible. Network Operating system software, such as Microsoft Windows NT or 2. Novell Net. Ware, Unix and Linux. Types of Networks LANs Local Area NetworksA network is any collection of independent computers that communicate with one another over a shared network medium. UnicodeTutorialFlowchart.gif' alt='Visual Basic Rule Of 72 Programmer' title='Visual Basic Rule Of 72 Programmer' />LANs are networks usually confined to a geographic area, such as a single building or a college campus. LANs can be small, linking as few as three computers, but often link hundreds of computers used by thousands of people. The development of standard networking protocols and media has resulted in worldwide proliferation of LANs throughout business and educational organizations. WANs Wide Area NetworksWide area networking combines multiple LANs that are geographically separate. This is accomplished by connecting the different LANs using services such as dedicated leased phone lines, dial up phone lines both synchronous and asynchronous, satellite links, and data packet carrier services. Wide area networking can be as simple as a modem and remote access server for employees to dial into, or it can be as complex as hundreds of branch offices globally linked using special routing protocols and filters to minimize the expense of sending data sent over vast distances. Internet. The Internet is a system of linked networks that are worldwide in scope and facilitate data communication services such as remote login, file transfer, electronic mail, the World Wide Web and newsgroups. With the meteoric rise in demand for connectivity, the Internet has become a communications highway for millions of users. The Internet was initially restricted to military and academic institutions, but now it is a full fledged conduit for any and all forms of information and commerce. Internet websites now provide personal, educational, political and economic resources to every corner of the planet. Intranet. With the advancements made in browser based software for the Internet, many private organizations are implementing intranets. An intranet is a private network utilizing Internet type tools, but available only within that organization. For large organizations, an intranet provides an easy access mode to corporate information for employees. MANs Metropolitan area NetworksThe refers to a network of computers with in a City. VPN Virtual Private NetworkVPN uses a technique known as tunneling to transfer data securely on the Internet to a remote access server on your workplace network. Using a VPN helps you save money by using the public Internet instead of making longdistance phone calls to connect securely with your private network. There are two ways to create a VPN connection, by dialing an Internet service provider ISP, or connecting directly to Internet. Categories of Network Network can be divided in to two main categories Peer to peer. Server based. In peer to peer networking there are no dedicated servers or hierarchy among the computers. All of the computers are equal and therefore known as peers. Normally each computer serves as ClientServer and there is no one assigned to be an administrator responsible for the entire network. Peer to peer networks are good choices for needs of small organizations where the users are allocated in the same general area, security is not an issue and the organization and the network will have limited growth within the foreseeable future. The term Clientserver refers to the concept of sharing the work involved in processing data between the client computer and the most powerful server computer. The clientserver network is the most efficient way to provide Databases and management of applications such as Spreadsheets, Accounting, Communications and Document management. Network management. Centralized file storage. The clientserver model is basically an implementation of distributed or cooperative processing. At the heart of the model is the concept of splitting application functions between a client and a server processor. The division of labor between the different processors enables the application designer to place an application function on the processor that is most appropriate for that function. This lets the software designer optimize the use of processors providing the greatest possible return on investment for the hardware. Clientserver application design also lets the application provider mask the actual location of application function. The user often does not know where a specific operation is executing. The entire function may execute in either the PC or server, or the function may be split between them. This masking of application function locations enables system implementers to upgrade portions of a system over time with a minimum disruption of application operations, while protecting the investment in existing hardware and software. The OSI Model Open System Interconnection OSI reference model has become an International standard and serves as a guide for networking. This model is the best known and most widely used guide to describe networking environments. Vendors design network products based on the specifications of the OSI model. It provides a description of how network hardware and software work together in a layered fashion to make communications possible. It also helps with trouble shooting by providing a frame of reference that describes how components are supposed to function. There are seven to get familiar with and these are the physical layer, data link layer, network layer, transport layer, session layer, presentation layer, and the application layer. Physical Layer, is just that the physical parts of the network such as wires, cables, and there media along with the length. Also this layer takes note of the electrical signals that transmit data throughout system. Data Link Layer, this layer is where we actually assign meaning to the electrical signals in the network. The layer also determines the size and format of data sent to printers, and other devices. Also I dont want to forget that these are also called nodes in the network. Another thing to consider in this layer is will also allow and define the error detection and correction schemes that insure data was sent and received. Network Layer, this layer provides the definition for the connection of two dissimilar networks. Transport Layer, this layer allows data to be broken into smaller packages for data to be distributed and addressed to other nodes workstations. Session Layer, this layer helps out with the task to carry information from one node workstation to another node workstation. CSS Color Module Level 3. Abstract. CSS Cascading Style Sheets is a language for describing the rendering. HTML and XML documents on screen, on paper, in speech, etc. It uses. color related properties and values to color the text, backgrounds. This specification. These include properties and values from CSS level 2 and new. Status of this document. This section describes the status of this document at the. Other documents may supersede this. A list of current W3. C publications and the latest. W3. C technical reports index at. TR. The archived public. When sending e mail, please put the text. This document was produced by the CSS. Working Group part of the Style Activity. The list of comments on the most recent Last Call. Comments. received during the Candidate Recommendation period for the 1. May 2. 00. 3. draft and how they were addressed in this draft can be found in the. Comments received during the Last Call period for the 1. February 2. 00. 3. A complete list of changes. This document has been reviewed by W3. C Members, by software developers, and by other W3. C groups and interested parties, and is endorsed by the Director as a W3. C Recommendation. It is a stable document and may be used as reference material or cited from another document. W3. Cs role in making the Recommendation is to draw attention to the specification and to promote its widespread deployment. This enhances the functionality and interoperability of the Web. This document was produced by a group operating under the 5. February 2. 00. 4 W3. C Patent Policy. W3. C maintains a public list of any. An individual who has actual knowledge of a patent which the. Essential Claims must disclose the. W3. C Patent Policy. Table of Contents. Introduction. CSS beyond level 2 is a set of modules, divided up to allow the. This specification is one of those modules. This module describes CSS properties which allow authors to specify the. This module also describes in. CSS lt color value type. It not only defines the color related properties and values that already. CSS1 and CSS2, but also defines new. The Working Group doesnt expect that all implementations of CSS3 will. Instead, there will probably be a. CSS3, so called profiles. For example, it. may be that only the profile for 3. The specification is the result of the merging of relevant parts of the. Recommendations and Working Drafts, and the addition of some new. Dependencies. Additional terminology is defined in the Definitions. CSS2. 1. Examples of document source code and fragments are given in XML XML1. HTML HTML4. 01 syntax. Color properties. Foreground color the. Name color. Value lt color inherit. Initial depends on user agent. Applies to all elements. Inherited yes. Percentages NA. Media visual. Computed value The computed value for basic color keywords, RGB hex values and. RGB. values, e. g. The computed value of the keyword transparent is the. RGBA values, e. g. See the definition of the current. Color for how its computed. For all other values, the computed value is the specified value. This property describes the foreground color of an elements text. In addition it is used to provide a potential indirect value current. Color. for any other properties that accept color values. If the. current. Color keyword is set on. There are different ways to specify lime green. RGB range 0 2. 55. Color units are defined in a following. Transparency the. Opacity can be thought of as a postprocessing operation. Conceptually. after the element including its descendants is rendered into an RGBA. See simple alpha compositing for details. Name opacity. Value lt alphavalue inherit. Applies to all elements. Inherited no. Percentages NA. Media visual. Computed value The same as the specified value after clipping the. Syntactically a lt number. The uniform opacity setting to be. Any values outside the range 0. If the. object is a container element, then the effect is as if the contents of. Since an element with opacity less than 1 is composited from a single. For the same reason. If an element with opacity less than 1 is not. If an. element with opacity less than 1 is positioned, the z index property applies as described in CSS2. Appendix. E of CSS2. The rules in this paragraph do not. SVG elements, since SVG has its own rendering model SVG1. Chapter 3. 4. Color units. A lt color is. Basic color keywords. The list of basic color keywords is aqua, black, blue, fuchsia, gray. The color names are case insensitive. Color names and s. RGB. values. Named. Color name. black0. C0. C0. C0. 1. 92,1. FFFFFF. 2. 55,2. 55,2. FF0. 00. 0. purple8. FF0. 0FF. green0. FF0. 0. olive8. 08. FFFF0. 0. navy0. FF. FFFF. body color black background white. Numerical color values. RGB color values. The RGB color. model is used in numerical color specifications. These examples all. The format of an RGB value in hexadecimal notation is a immediately followed by either three or six. The three digit RGB notation rgb is converted into six digit form. For example, fb. This ensures. The format of an RGB value in the functional notation is rgb followed by a comma separated list of three. The integer value 2. F or FF in the hexadecimal notation. FFF. White space characters are. All RGB colors are specified in the s. RGB color space see SRGB. User agents may vary in the. RGB provides. an unambiguous and objectively measurable definition of what the color. COLORIMETRY. Values outside the device gamut should be clipped or mapped into the. User agents may. perform higher quality mapping of colors from one gamut to another. This. specification does not define precise clipping behavior. For a typical CRT. RGB, the four rules below are. Other devices, such as printers, have different gamuts than s. RGB some. colors outside the 0. RGB range will be representable inside the. RGB range will be. RGBA color values. The RGB color model is. See simple alpha. These examples all specify the same. Andrews Pitchfork Mt4 Brokers there. Examples. em color rgb2. Unlike RGB values, there is no hexadecimal notation for an RGBA value. The format of an RGBA value in the functional notation is rgba followed by a comma separated list of three. The integer value 2. White space characters. Implementations must clip the red, green, and blue components of RGBA. RGB color. value composed of those components. These examples specify effects that are possible with the rgba. Note. If RGBA values are not supported by a. CSS. forward compatibility parsing rules CSS2. Chapter 4. RGBA values must. RGB value with the opacity ignored. CSS1 introduced the transparent value for the background color. CSS2 allowed border color to also accept the transparent. The Open e. Booktm Publication Structure 1. OEB1. 01 extended the color property to. CSS3 extends the color. This simplifies the. CSS3. transparent. Fully transparent. This keyword can be considered a shorthand for. HSL color values. CSS3 adds numerical hue saturation lightness HSL colors as a complement to. RGB colors. It has been observed that RGB colors have the. RGB is hardware oriented it reflects the use of CRTs. RGB is non intuitive. People can learn how to use RGB, but actually by. RGB. There are several other color schemes possible. Some advantages of HSL. HSV for example, and it is trivial to convert HSL to RGB. HSL colors are encoding as a triple hue, saturation, lightness. Hue. is represented as an angle of the color circle i. This angle is so typically measured in degrees. CSS syntactically, only a lt number is. By definition red03. As an angle, it implicitly wraps. One way an implementation could. Saturation and lightness are represented as percentages. So for instance. color hsl0, 1. The advantage of HSL over RGB is that it is far more intuitive you can. It is also easier to create. If saturation is less than 0, implementations must clip it to 0.